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钛媒体注:共享经济的趋势孵化了全新的商业模式,其中向传统酒店业发起挑战的 Airbnb 最为典型,目前,这家公司正在以侵略性的姿态进军中国市场。本文由来自“爱就投”的项目经理、研究员为民宿短租平台 Airbnb, Inc. 这家公司写的投资分析,包括其业务情况和项目亮点,是一份专业度较高的分析报告:Airbnb(Air-bed & breakfast,中文译为“空中食宿”)是一个社区型市场,人们可以通过网站、手机或平板电脑发布、发掘和预订世界各地的独特房源。Airbnb 的服务和日益增长的社区为人们提供简单有效的途径,让他们可以利用闲置空间赚钱,并将它们展示给无数的受众。其2016年9月的PE融资仍在进行中,领投方为 Google Capital、TCV。下图是这家成立于2008年8月的公司的融资情况:资料来源:CrunchbaseAirbnb业务情况1. 商业模式、发展现状Airbnb从房主与房客的交易中收取手续费,每一次线上预定支付后,收取预定完成价的3%作为房主端的服务费,同时收取预定完成价的12% - 6%作为房客端的服务费,具体根据房屋面积决定,大房屋租金贵,手续费比例逐步降低。Airbnb在2015年的收入为9亿美元,好于此前的8.25亿美元预期。投资银行Cowen & Company预计,Airbnb在2016年的预订额将达到123亿美元,使全年的收入最高达到16亿美元;预定额指标在2015年的预期是72亿美元。按照本轮300亿美元的最新估值,Airbnb是全世界估值第三高的非上市公司,仅次于Uber(625亿美元)和小米(460亿美元)。2015年,Airbnb的净利润为负1.5亿美元(亏损);预计2017年为首个盈利年。图1,来源:Airbnb官网目前,Airbnb的业务已经拓展到了全球192个国家的3万4千多个城市,全球房源超过200万间,其中包括1400多座城堡;使用过Airbnb服务的房客总数超过6千万。图2,来源:Airbnb iOS App图2是Airbnb iOS App的展示界面,最左边的2个房屋在中国上海市,中间是在法国巴黎市,最右边是推荐的特色城堡。图3,来源:Slice Intelligence图3描述2015年7月截至2016年7月,Airbnb的收入增长(Revenue Growth)与其它酒店预订网站(Hotel Booking Sites)平均收入增长对比;最后一个月的数据格外亮眼,Airbnb的收入环比增长89%,而其它线上旅行社(Booking.com、Expedia等)平均的环比增长仅为19%。2. 战略定位、竞争优势Airbnb目前与所有公寓或住所提供商形成差异化竞争,包括传统酒店和汽车旅馆、线上旅行社、假日出租房(HomeAway、FlipKey等),其价值定位的关键是,让住在外国人家里的房客可以享受到独特的文化沉浸体验,这是一般酒店做不到的。摩根士丹利一份关于Airbnb对酒店和旅行社影响的报告认为,Airbnb与竞争对手主要的不同在于可以提供独特的房源和广泛的住所选择,既包括整套标准公寓、住宅、假日出租房,也有最基本的公寓单间或长沙发,还有奢侈的百万美元豪宅。图4 来源:Slice Intelligence上图显示的是在美国一些主要城市,选择Airbnb与住酒店的每晚平均价格(Average Price Per Night)对比。可见,选择Airbnb可以节省下30%-50%;Slice Intelligence还提到,在包括美国不同规模城市的统计样本下,用Airbnb每晚平均比住酒店价格低 26%。在美国全国,2015年7月至2016年7月末,Airbnb上的住所每晚平均价格是128美元,与折扣酒店的价格差不多,比如Best Western(平均125美元/晚)、Comfort Inn & Suites(平均124美元/晚)、Country Inn(平均117美元/晚)。Airbnb的整体服务流程也与其它酒店预订网站很相似。登录其官网或App后,租房的用户先设定租住时间和旅游目的地,然后浏览和筛选当地可选择的住所,可参考的信息包括照片、价格参数、位置及家庭设施状况、房屋描述、房主信息和以往房客的评论。用户要预付全额的租金来定下房屋,平台在房客入住24小时后将预付金转给房主。租住时间结束后,平台会提醒房客和房主互相对这次体验发表评论,评论对所有Airbnb用户可见。在Airbnb官网的帮助中心,对各项服务流程和问题解决方式都做了详细介绍。图5,来源:Slice Intelligence图5,则对比的是不同档次和价位的酒店与Airbnb上的住所,每次的旅客平均在那里住多少晚;纵轴为每晚价格(Price Per Night),横轴为每次旅行住宿晚数(Nights Per Trip),以Airbnb和这些酒店的线上预定数据为样本。Airbnb用户可能通过节省住宿花费来延长旅行时间。图6,来源:Ryerson University、University of Waterloo图6的调研结果出自Daniel Guttentag博士的论文。这份论文基于前期向 Airbnb 上预定租房的用户体验调研而成,调研的维度包括:用户得到的体验独特性(Uniqueness)、本地真实性(Local Authenticity)及价格(Price)方面的期望,分别与对临近的低端(Budget)、中端(Mid-range)和高端(Upscale)酒店的期望做对比;样本为844位最近12个月内住过Airbnb房屋的用户,1分为极低,6分为极高。图7,来源:Ryerson University、University of Waterloo图7的调研,询问的是这些样本用户在入住登记/结账退房便利性(Ease of Checking in/out)等7个方面的期望,同样分别与对临近的低端、中端和高端酒店的期望做对比。选择Airbnb的用户并不要求入住登记和结账退房要比酒店更便利;这些用户对Airbnb解决意外问题的便利性(Ease of Resolving Unexpected Problems)、安全性(Security)和预定的便利性(Ease of Placing Reservation)只要求达到低端酒店水平;对品质满足预期、舒适性(Comfort)和卫生条件(Cleanliness),Airbnb的用户期望达到中端酒店水平。在Airbnb现有的商业模式下,其战略就如图4至图7所体现的,通过低价和具有文化特色的体验,打造相对于低端住所提供商的体验优势,同时补足相对于高端住所提供商在标准品质上的劣势。图6的调研结果尤其显示出选择Airbnb的用户非常看重能够获得独特的体验,同时又要求价格低于最普通的酒店。另外,住宿和旅游是重要的生活场景与数据价值来源,一方面,随着Airbnb上房客和房主数量越来越多,平台可以采集到更加多样的用户数据,Daniel Guttentag博士的论文还通过另一项调研对Airbnb做了市场细分研究,显示出平台拥有的多样数据的价值。另一方面,如果将平台现有的服务与智能家居、增强现实、物联网等“场景数据挖掘工具”进行整合,就可以对用户数据做深度挖掘与利用,为Airbnb开拓商业模式方面的扩展路径。这可能是Google投资Airbnb的重要原因。3. 用户画像、市场展望市场细分研究按照这些样本用户选择Airbnb的目的,划分出了5种用户类型:省钱者(Money Savers)、追求住宿体验者(Home Seekers)、协同消费者(Collaborative Consumers)、务实创新者(Pragmatic Novelty Seekers)和互动创新者(Interactive novelty Seekers);这些不同用户对低价(Low Cost)、方便的位置(Convenient Location)、家庭设施(Home Benefits / Household Amenities)等指标看重的程度各有不同;1分为极低,6分为极高。图8,来源:Ryerson University、University of Waterloo图8显示,低价和方便的位置是样本用户普遍看重的,而只有特定类型的用户期待不可预知(Unpredictable)的事件。省钱者是最看重价格的群体,也格外看重位置的方便程度,而对本地真实性、新奇性(Novelty)、共享经济理念(Sharing Economy Ethos)和互动(Interaction)的相关指标都不太在乎;追求住宿体验者最看重家庭设施(Household Amenities)、大空间(Large Space)和家的感觉(Homely Feel),对多数其它指标的在乎程度则一般;协同消费者格外看重本地真实性的相关指标,也喜欢与本地人和信息互动,同时拥护共享经济理念;务实创新者是对家庭设施、本地真实性和新奇性的相关指标都非常看重的群体,相比之下,对于与本地人和信息的互动则不感兴趣;互动创新者最看重新奇性和互动性的相关指标,而对家庭设施不像务实创新者那样在乎。Daniel Guttentag博士做的市场细分研究揭示出,不同用户对Airbnb的期望还存在很大差异。他认为Airbnb可以进一步推出侧重点不同的子品牌,以切合特定类型用户的需求。例如:Airbnb Explore,专做共享住宿;Airbnb Homes,专门提供空间大、设施质量好的整套出租房;Airbnb Pro,专注为商务旅行者服务;Airbnb Lux,专做高端住宿;Airbnb Exotic,专门提供像树屋那样的奇特住所。值得一提的是,还有一个名为Onefinestay的平台,被称为“高端版Airbnb”,其只做高端豪宅租赁,在相同的商业模式下维持着比Airbnb高得多的平均利润率。这也说明了Airbnb进行的服务品类分化,打开战略扩展空间的可行性和必要性。图9,来源:IPK International图9的数据展示了出境游近几年稳定增长的趋势。根据The ITB World Travel Trends Report 2015/2016,2015年前8个月,出境旅行的总数超过12亿人次,这些旅客的住宿晚数加总约为75亿晚,平均每人每次旅行在国外住7.3晚。以Airbnb为代表的共享式住宿服务迄今只满足了这个市场中极小的一部分需求,这还没有考虑境内游市场空间。因此,Airbnb目前的业务数据,尤其是房客和房主的数量,还具有极大增长空间与潜力。图10,来源:Slice Intelligence图10是Airbnb用户的年龄层与万豪酒店(Marriott)用户的年龄层对比。万豪酒店在这里被作为传统酒店的代表。可见,千禧一代(Millennials)几乎占据了Airbnb用户的半壁江山,而万豪酒店用户的年龄分布则较为均匀。这说明在现状下Airbnb用户数的时间增长性相比万豪酒店占优,只要平台提供的服务持续满足用户的期望和需求,随着时间的推移,Airbnb相对传统酒店的市场占有率就会持续提升。4. 业务挑战、解决方案共享经济是一个社会经济系统,通过共享未被充分利用的资产,带来需求和供给;基于线上点对点的分享、交换、交易、租用行为,使产品和服务的使用权与所有权实现分离。由于共享经济主要是对私人闲置资源的利用过程,这种模式下的产品和服务都具有非标准化特点。因此,政府监管和安全保障成了Airbnb现有商业模式和提供的服务面临的主要挑战。例如,Airbnb没有专业的清洁和安保服务,使得政府进行安全性监管比传统酒店困难得多;另外,平台上也出现过专职二手房东,这偏离了共享经济利用闲置资源的初衷,成为Airbnb的服务在安全方面的主要隐患来源。由于不容易监管,多数国家的法规都对民居短租做出不同程度的限制,否则Airbnb平台的房源数量可能增长得更快。2016年5月,德国柏林市颁布法规禁止房主在租房网站上出租整套房屋,当地监管部门担心专职二手房东大量购房,引起房源短缺和租金飙升。2016年10月,美国纽约州州长签署了一项法案,禁止房主为少于30天的短期出租进行广告宣传,否则处以高达7500美元的罚款。目前,Airbnb已经对纽约州政府提起诉讼,因为该法案违背美国宪法第一修正案和《通信规范法》(Communications Decency Act)。迄今为止,美国已经有23个州和特区可以通过Airbnb收取和汇缴占用税,以及印度的全部地区、法国大部分地区、荷兰阿姆斯特丹市、葡萄牙里斯本市,都以允许收取和汇缴占用税的形式承认了Airbnb经营的合法性。伴随平台上房客和房源数量的快速增长,以及业务范围的拓展,Airbnb的估值在几年间稳步提升。采用交易平台式商业模式的公司(电商平台、共享经济平台等)普遍都通过3种措施来保障交易各方利益和交易的顺利进行:1.核验与认证用户身份和基本信息;2.用户之间互相评论和评分及平台对用户做评分;3.鼓励和保障交易各方在交易过程中充分沟通。图11,来源:Airbnb iOS App图11展示了Airbnb上的住所的信息和以往房客的评论,还可以浏览房主的个人信息,以及随时发消息与房主沟通;房主也可以浏览预定租房的用户的个人信息和以往房主的评论。Airbnb目前已经完成对11家中小型公司的并购,其中最重要的可能是2016年4月对区块链公司ChangeCoin的收购,该公司的部分技术人员被收编,但业务将继续运营。将身份管理和信誉管理区块链化,有助于进一步保障与规范房客和房主在租住期间在房屋内的行为。高盛一份涉及区块链技术对共享经济促进作用的报告提出,到2016年第一季度,Airbnb上所有被预订出租的房屋中,约40%是公寓或住宅中的房间,而不是整个住所,所以主客双方的安全保障都非常重要;结合区块链至少可以改进P2P房屋租赁中的预定(Booking)、支付(Payment)和评论(Reviews)环节,对比Airbnb现有的服务流程,用户租住的安全性将进一步提高。图12,来源:Goldman Sachs图12总结了多个Airbnb现有的操作流程和用户体验,提出了采用区块链技术方案可以实现的对每一步的改进点。高盛对区块链化的具体展望包括:在预定环节,政府认证的公民ID被安全地储存并确保真实,房客和房主完全依靠真实的评论来了解对方;在支付环节,公民ID绑定支付证书并被安全地储存,租金依照“智能合约”的完成进行转移;在评论环节,只有经过用户电子签名的评论才被展示出来,只有经由支付交易历史验证过的评论才被认定有效,评论可追溯且不会消失。除了图12中的改进点,所有安全保障措施的核心是用户的身份认证和信誉管理。如果采用去中心化的方式集体维护用户数据库,就保证了数据共享过程的安全可控,以及各方对数据的可信度达成共识。Airbnb的身份认证“Verified ID”会关联用户提交给平台的信息与其它信息,操作流程包括:拍照上传个人身份证件,验证手机、邮箱等联系方式,绑定Facebook、LinkedIn等社交媒体账户,提供个人照片和基本信息。Airbnb可以与合作伙伴共享数据,并建立起生态系统,基于此的典型应用场景是,房客和房主如果在社交图谱上有交叉,双方的信任度就会提升;再如,更容易实现在预定和评论等环节的多人协作,以切合商务旅行者。用户信誉管理至少涉及每一位用户的交易历史和评论,如果以区块链的方式将主客双方各自的交易历史汇总起来,并且以数字签名结合入住和支付记录来确保所有评论的来源真实,就可以显著提高评论的可信度。进而,让用户知晓这一信誉管理的技术方案,房客和房主都会更加信任Airbnb平台上的信息。对共享经济模式的租赁平台来说,预订的便捷性、完成所需时间是竞争的重点,尤其在可以通过线上旅行社立即预订传统酒店的情况下。得益于可信的身份认证,房客浏览相关信息和确认支付之间的时间将缩短,这也将推升P2P房屋租赁的转换率,进而扩大Airbnb相对于线上旅行社和传统酒店的市场占有率。5. 量化及非量化财务预期图13,来源:Goldman Sachs图13的数据是高盛对Airbnb未来5年全球市场和美国市场租房预订额的预测,分别假设了4种情况:1.根据历史增速保守估计;2.区块链技术推动增速加快200个基点;3.增速加快400个基点;4.增速加快600个基点。在最保守的估计下,Airbnb在2016年的全球市场预订额被认为将在128.22亿美元左右,仍然高于Cowen & Company对这个指标的123亿美元预期。高盛认为,通过技术和生态系统建设提升用户的身份和信誉管理,保障租住安全与推升转换率,在最乐观的估计下,Airbnb在2020年的全球市场预订额将在1016.85亿美元左右,有可能达到1020亿美元。图14,来源:Goldman Sachs图14是与图13的数据相对应的收入预测,同样是未来5年全球市场和美国市场,在4种情况下的估计。在高盛的最乐观估计下,2016年,Airbnb在全球获得的收入有可能达到16亿美元,与Cowen & Company的预期相同。在本轮PE融资过程中,Airbnb公司方面明确表示计划在2018年以700亿-750亿美元估值上市。Nasdaq官网上的一篇文章则期待Airbnb成为2017年最大的IPO。以上收入预测考虑的是Airbnb现有的商业模式和战略下,不同层次房客数、不同档次房源数、业务地理范围、用户活跃度等方面的数据,与现有竞争对手的相应数据,以及目标市场增长趋势、增长空间与结构变化的相关数据之间的关系。也就是说,只考虑了市场占有率和目标市场随着时间的增长,而没有考虑收入来源可能的变化,包括Airbnb很可能扩展服务品类,调整收费与定价方式,推出全新的业务。Airbnb项目的四大亮点1. 卓越的财务预期,商业模式兼具想象空间综合考虑Airbnb的P2P房屋租赁平台服务的市场规模和占有率增长预期,以及开拓新业务和新增长点的预期,Airbnb在5年后的市值相对本轮融资的估值可能增长3-5倍。2. 共享经济代表企业,酒店住宿行业变革者Airbnb和Uber、Didi、Wework是共享经济毋庸置疑的代表企业,后者不仅是对人类经济、社会发展意义重大的模式创新,而且以轻资产、低经营杠杆、低扩张成本的特点,相对传统酒店和假日出租房形成不可比拟优势。3. 明星投资机构齐聚股东会,公司资源雄厚红杉资本在2009年4月领投Airbnb种子轮融资,此后6年中坚定地参与跟投其A轮、B轮、C轮、D轮、E轮融资;LinkedIn执行总裁Reid Hoffman加盟Airbnb董事会;本轮PE融资,领投方包括Google Capital;Airbnb迄今10次对外融资中,多数参与的机构和个人具有世界级知名度,在中国家喻户晓的可能还包括:a16z、SV Angel、Amazon CEO Jeff Bezos、李嘉诚的维港投资、中国宽带资本。4. CEO“颜值高”,感召人才的能力非同一般Brian Chesky,Airbnb联合创始人 & CEO2015年7月,黑石集团CFO Laurence A. Tosi加盟Airbnb团队,助力公司后续融资和上市, Tosi先生从2008年开始担任黑石集团CFO,在任职期间将这个全球最大私募股权投资基金公司所管理的资产从1190亿美元提升至3330亿美元;2013年9月,连锁酒店品牌Joie de Vivre(乐趣生活)创始人Chip Conley加盟Airbnb团队,Conley先生是在酒店业首次提出精品酒店审美(Boutique Hotel Aesthetic)概念的专家之一,他用24年时间将Joie de Vivre打造成了美国第二大精品酒店品牌。附:参考文献:[1] Global Insight: Who Will Airbnb Hurt More - Hotels or OTAs? Morgan Stanley[2] The secret under the sheets: The truth behind your next booking with Airbnb. Quincia Gumbs, Rachel Dodds, and Tom Griffin[3] Airbnb.com[4] Airbnb iOS App[5] Airbnb revenues up 89 percent, driven by Millennials. Slice Intelligence[6] Airbnb: Why Tourists Choose It and How They Use It. Dr. Daniel Guttentag[7] ITB World Travel Trends Report 2015/2016. IPK International, ITB Berlin[8] In what areas is Occupancy Tax Collection and Remittance by Airbnb available? Airbnb.com[9] Blockchain: Putting Theory into Practice. Goldman Sachs[10] Airbnb just acquired a team of bitcoin and blockchain experts. Quartz[11] Airbnb Could Be the Biggest IPO of 2017. Nasdaq---------------------更多精彩内容,关注钛媒体微信号(ID:taimeiti),或者下载钛媒体App}
【简介】以下是小编整理的介绍澳大利亚的英语作文六年级(共26篇),欢迎阅读与收藏。在此,感谢网友“青春痘玛丽”投稿本文!篇1:介绍澳大利亚的英语作文六年级With an area of eight million square kilometres,Australia is the sixth largest country in the world.The population stands at just twenty million,of whom some 85% live in urban areas,mainly along the coast.Much of Australia is arid and flat.One-third of the country is desert and another third is steppe or semi-desert.Australia's main exports are fossil fuels,minerals,metals,cotton,wool,wine and beef,and its most important trading partners are Japan,China and the US.篇2:介绍澳大利亚的英语作文六年级Australian is a wonderful place with climate that suits everybody. It has many natural heritages, but cultural heritages are very limted. The most famous places are the Great Barrier Reef, the Sydney Harbour Bridge, the Sydney Opera House, as well as other wilderness.People in Australia are very friendly, and are very willing to help anybody in need, but there are exceptions.It is one of the few countries apart from United States of America that is multicultural, meaning that people in Australia can get things from almost any culture. From lebanese bread from the Middle East, to Tofu from Asia, to fish and chips from England. Everything combines in a very harmonic way that there is hardly any conflicts.篇3:介绍澳大利亚的英语作文六年级AustraliaAustralia,the largest country in Oceania,lies on the south coast of the Pacific.It covers an area of 7.6 million square kilometers.It has a population of over 10 million.Most of its people live in the east of the country by the sea.Canberra,the capital of Australia,is a beautiful city.Sydney is the biggest city in Australia,which has many places of interest.The Opera House is well known all over the world.The
Olympic Games were held in Sydney.篇4:澳大利亚之旅英语作文Australia is one of the famous Oceanian country. The country is famous for its wool production and seashore tour. As the climate there is warm and comfortable, many people spend vocations there every year. I’m a super fan of water entertainment, so I choose it as my destination.In Australia, the sky is bluer than blue, the clouds are whiter than white, all the local people enjoy an optimistic and active life. They also show their kindness and enthusiasm to the tourists.The first step should be Sydney Opera which is among the most brilliant and splendid architectures in the world. Many world-class plays are put on in it .The surface and shape of it is like a seashell with glory decorations inside.Then Melbourne is a good choice to be as the next step. In Melbourne, skin screen is a must to take with as the sunshine is upset and may burn your skin. The most attractive thing to me is the Australia Open, which is one of the biggest world-class tennis competition. Many great players such as Roddick Federer and its local player Hewitt etc. gather to compete. It’s really a feast for the eyes.Australia is also home to one of the most challenging and exciting surfing and diving projects. As we know, it is always called a country riding on the back of sheep. From the interesting saying ,we can know something about the rich wool-production country. If you love animals, kangaroos and kaolas are good company to you .【参考译文】篇5:澳大利亚之旅英语作文澳大利亚是一个著名的大洋州国家。这个国家以羊毛生产和海滨旅游而闻名。因为那里的气候温暖舒适,有很多人每年在这里旅游。我是一个超级迷水娱乐,所以我选择它作为我的.目的地。在澳大利亚,天空比蓝天更蓝,云朵比白色更白,所有的当地人都过着乐观而积极的生活。他们也向游客展示他们的热情和热情。第一步应该是悉尼歌剧院,它是世界上最辉煌最辉煌的建筑之一。在很多世界级的表演,表面和形状很像一个贝壳装饰得着荣耀里。那么墨尔本是下一步的好选择。在墨尔本,皮肤是必须采取的,因为阳光不安,可能灼伤你的皮肤。对我来说最吸引人的是澳大利亚网球公开赛,这是世界上最大的网球比赛之一。许多伟大的球员,如Roddick Federer和当地球员Hewitt等聚集竞争。这真是赏心悦目。澳大利亚也是一个最具挑战性和令人兴奋的冲浪和潜水项目的家。正如我们所知道的,它总是被称为骑在羊背上的国家。从有趣的说法,我们可以知道一些丰富的羊毛生产国。如果你爱动物,袋鼠和kaolas是很好的公司给你。篇6:六年级英语作文介绍明星Michael Jackson is not only a talent of music but also he is really a gentelman,In the control of the white,Micharl Jackson as a black,he got the achievement that white can not reach the level,He tried to fetch the position of black,Though he got the unfire treatment of white,still he is strong enough in the Music area.He is the king of pop,everyone is study his dance style and his singing style.He is really a solo artist and really he made the music come to life.篇7:六年级英语作文介绍明星Cheng Long is a famous film star in China and in the world.He has been my favourite film star for many years.When I was a teenager ,I often saw some movies about kongfu .Gradually I began to like Cheng Long's movies,especialy I started to like Cheng Long .I think he is very handsome and very strong ,though he is not guite tall ,his eyes are small,his nose is big.He is the symble of enery and justice.When I grow up ,I also want to be a film star about kongfu just like Cheng Long.篇8:澳大利亚堪培拉之旅六年级作文澳大利亚堪培拉之旅六年级作文太阳公公起床了,它散发出金光撒向大地,“田馨——起床了——。”妈妈发出了狮吼功大法。嗯嗯……我迷迷糊糊地点点头……半小时后,我们一家三口“轻装上阵”……我们要跟着“散客团”一游澳大利亚的首都堪培拉。中国的首都北京繁荣昌盛,堪培拉到底如何?让我娓娓道来!李导游首先介绍了澳大利亚的由来,只花了10分钟,其中有一个特别有趣的是,没想到,十二个发达的资本主义国家之一的澳大利亚也有一个外号:澳傻!澳州人喜欢把“简单事情复杂化”譬如说吧,有一座山叫国会山,澳洲人把中间挖了,造了6层楼的国会,然后又埋了三层,所以我们现在看到的国会大楼只有三层楼!还有,澳洲人参加了许多战争,但都是与它无关的战争!还冲在第一线!一路上,我们看到了澳大利亚的牛马羊,黑白相间,甚是好看!它们在悠闲地吃草,让人看了很轻松,这,成为了澳大利亚一道美丽的风景线!我们还看到了似变形金刚的擎天柱的货车,酷毙了!过了三个小时后,我们先来到了堪培拉中的小人国,没啥好看的……所谓的小人国,顾名思义,它以1:12缩小,房子、人民等都是如此。小人国里到处都是鲜花,各种花儿各种颜色,红的像火、紫的'似霞、粉的如钻……它们共同点缀着小人国!当我一到小人国的大门前,仿佛看到了真正的“盒子花园”。小人国里到处都是小房子与小人,一走进“盒子花园”,第一映入眼帘的,就是小人们在房子前的劳动!小人国其实就是一个人造的garden,它带领我们参观了澳大利亚的人民的劳动方式方法,以及各国的大使馆房子模型。接下来,我们到了造币厂,了解了澳币的一步步发展,还看到了以前的金磅,纯金的哦!看到了现在的金币,可比金榜“beautiful”多了!继续行驶,我们看了各国的、真正的大使馆。最有意思的有三国:中国、美国、巴基斯坦。先说中国吧,我们的祖国是唯一一个有两个大使馆的国家。原因是因为第一个大使馆在造时,因美国的人化作施工的工人潜入,出了问题,于是又重新造了一个。我认为这还是美国帮助了我们,才使我们独一无二,“美国,谢谢你们了!”再说美国,美国为啥特殊呢?嘿嘿,它只不过是面积比较大而已!地势好而已!巴基斯坦最搞笑!它造了一个飞机型+炮弹型的房子,并且--炮口正对着美国大使馆的大门,好可怜的美国呀!嘻嘻!还有一个大地方,国会!意思嘛,就是开会的地方。国会大楼好庄严神圣啊!最后,我们在大喷泉和战争纪念馆拍了照片!啊!紧张的一天结束了,堪培拉不愧是首都啊!总结一天,觉得跟团好赶,但不跟吧,英语又不行!以前老人们总是说:“学好数理化,走遍天下都不怕!”可现在中西结合,文理结合,才是王道!篇9:英语六年级上册教学计划介绍英语六年级上册教学计划介绍本学期我仍继续担任六年级上册一、二、三班的英语教学工作。根据学生的实际情况,拟定以下教学计划:一.学情分析.六年级的学生对英语学习兴趣整体有所下降,两极分化比较严重。所以本学期应做好后进生的转化工作。激发学生学习英语的兴趣,培养他们学习英语的积极态度,使他们初步建立学习英语的自信心,培养学生具有一定的语感和良好的语音、语调、书写基础,以及良好的学习习惯,使他们初步具备用英语进行简单日常交流的能力。同时培养学生的观察、记忆、思维、想象和创造能力。教师在教学过程中应强调语言的综合运用,注意学生能力的'培养,突出对学生学习兴趣的激发,重视知识的灵活扩展,真正将英语教学的目标落实到实处。在五年级的对话的基础上,增加了阅读的内容和难度。本册中所涉及的一般现在时、一般将来时、过去时等句型中对人称、是动词的变化、行为动词的运用对小学生都是一个难点,要打好此部分的基础,为六年级的毕业考试打好基础。二.教材分析本册教材是《义务教育课程标准实验教科书英语(PEP)》是课程教材研究所英语课程教材研究开发中心,与加拿大Lingo Media国际集团合作编写的一套全新的小学英语教材。这套教材是根据教育部制定的《国家英语课程标准》编写而成的。供小学6年级的学生使用。本册教材的特点是:1.强调语言运用。2.注重能力培养3.突出兴趣激发4.重视双向交流5.融合学科内容6.重视灵活扩展7.实现整体设计三.教学目标1.能听、说、读、写61个单词或短语以及7组句子和4个单句。(包括长度、重量、高度、看病、情感、周末和假期活动、旅行、晚会等几个话题)。要求能在真实语境中正确运用并能读懂简短语篇。2.能完成1个手工制作。3.能听懂、会唱6首歌曲。4.能听懂、会吟唱6首歌谣。5.能完成4个自我评价活动。6.能理解6个幽默小故事。7.能了解6项简单的中西方文化知识。四.教材重难点能按四会、三会的要求掌握所学单词。能按四会要求掌握所学句型。能使用日常交际用语,活用四会句型,进行简单的交流,做到大胆开口,发音正确。4、能在图片、手势、情境等非语言提示的帮助下,听懂清晰的话语和录音。难点1.一般过去时、一般将来时等几个小学阶段所学句型中对人称、是动词的变化、行为动词的运用。2.对四会要求掌握所学句型的灵活运用:对话、写作、阅读。3.教学内容与学生的生活经验知识层次的有机结合。教学计划对于整个学期教学的进行有指导作用,通过我们提供的英语六年级上册教学计划,可以使教学有序的进行!篇10:澳大利亚高考优秀英语作文澳大利亚高考优秀英语作文australia, the largest country in oceania, lies on the south coast of the pacific. it covers an area of 7.6 million square kilometers. it has a population of over 10 million. most of its people live in the east of the country by the sea. canberra,the capital of australia,is a beautiful city. sydney is the biggest city in australia, which has many places of interest. the opera house is well known all over the world.the olympic games were held in sydney.澳大利亚是大洋洲最大的国家,位于太平洋南海岸,国土面积760万平方公里,人口超过1 000万,大多数居民居住在东部地区,濒临海洋。首都堪培拉是一座美丽的`城市。悉尼是全国最大的城市,有许多名胜,悉尼歌剧院闻名于世。奥运会就是在这里举行的。篇11:六年级介绍家庭成员的英语作文My name is Li Hua. I am from a worker's family. There are six people in my family. They are my grandfather, my grandmother, my father, my mother, my sister and I.我的名字叫李华。我来自一个工人家庭。我们家有六口人。他们是我的爷爷,奶奶,爸爸,妈妈,姐姐和我。Every member in my family works for his or her own trade. My grandfather and grandmother are peasants. They do farm work every day in my hometown. My father is a senior engineer. He is now working in Africa, helping to build a power station. My mother is a teacher. She teaches English in a middle school. My sister, five years older than I, is a doctor in the People's Hospital of our county. She loves her work and does it well. I am a middle school student. And I am going to take this year's college entrance examination. I wish that I could be enrolled by a famous university.我的家庭中的每个成员都各专其事。我的爷爷和奶奶都是农民。他们在家乡每天做农活。我的父亲是一位高级工程师。他现在在非洲工作,帮助建立一个发电站。我母亲是一位教师。她在一所中学教英语。我的姐姐比我大五岁,是是我们县上的`人民医院里的一名医生。她热爱她的工作,并且做得很好。我是一个中学生。我要参加今年的高考。我希望我可以考进一所著名的大学。That is my family. All the members in my family live in harmony. We love each other devotedly.这就是我的家庭。我们家的所有成员都生活得很和谐。我们都一心一意的爱着彼此。篇12:六年级介绍家庭成员的英语作文I have a big family . There are five people in my family.They are my father my mother my grandparents and I. My father is very strict with me and my mother is very kind . I love them and they love me too. If I make progress, my father will say to me:“that's good! you are very well!” if I make no progress , my father will say to me:“Don't give up! ,we believe you!” and my father is a headmaster and my mother is a manager.My grandparents were all teachers many years ago. I love them very much .I am a student , I’m studying in Wuxi Chiway International school. I’m eleven years old now. I like playing computer games、reading English and watching TV .Do you like my family?篇13:六年级介绍家庭成员的英语作文There are four people in my family.They are my father,my mother,my sister and me.My father is a worker.He likes playing cards.My mother is a housewife.She likes doing housework and cooking for us.My sister is a student.She likes reading books.I am a pupil.I like playing soccer.This is my family.I love my family because it can give me happiness and love.篇14:关于介绍自己的六年级英语作文Hello,everyone.My name is ________.I'm from China.I'm 13 years old.Now I'm a primary student at Sunshine primary school.I like making friends with my classmates,so I think friendship is very important for me.I also like learning English and playing the piano.It's very interesting for me to do that,I think.My teachers often says that I'm a pretty beautiful girl,because I often have good grades in the exams.In a word,I'm proud of myself!篇15:六年级英语作文介绍山西50词Shanxi is a province of the People's Republic of China located in the northern part of the country. It borders Hebei to the east, Henan to the south, Shaanxi to the west, and Inner Mongolia to the north. The provincial capital city is Taiyuan. Shanxi is endowed with an abundance of cultural sites from its long history. Most of the ancient structures were built before the Liao and Song Dynasties. So it is the reason why Shanxi is often called the 'Chinese Ancient Architecture Museum'. The more obvious of these include: the Buddhist wonder of the Yungang Grottoes in Datong City, the Ancient City of Pingyao which was listed as a World Cultural Heritage site by UNESCO in , the oldest and tallest ancient wooden pagoda in China, the Wooden Pagoda of Yingxian County and the remote Shuanglin Temple and Jinci Temple, which are well worth the long journeys for the visitors.推荐其他英语作文:篇16:六年级介绍我的家乡英语作文My hometown is beautiful place It stands near a wide river at the foot of low green hills. It has many tall buildings and wide streets. There are trees and flowers everywhere.But it has not always been like that. In the old days, it was a sad dirty little town. Landlords and merchants lived in the few good houses. For the working people there were only dark, unhealthy rooms in old buildings and huts in narrow muddy streets. Nearly everyone was poor and many had no work.Everything has changed since liberation. The people, led by the Party, have got rid of the mud and dirt. They have put up schools, theaters, shops and flats. They have an assembly hall and a hospital. Along the river they have built offices, hotels and parks. A lot of factories have sprung up. On the river, streamers and boats come and go busily, day and night. They carry the products of our industries to all parts of the country.I love my hometown, and I love its people. They also have changed. Healthy and happy, they are going all out to build socialism.我的家乡我的家乡是个美丽的地方.它座落在一座不高的绿色山脚下,一条宽阔的河流边.有许多高耸的大楼和宽阔的'街道.树木和花草随处可见.但是它并不是一直如此.在旧社会,它是一个凄凉、肮脏的小镇.地主和商人住在几栋漂亮的房子里.劳动人民只能住在破旧、黑暗、不卫生的房子里或是狭窄、泥泞街道旁的茅屋里.几乎所有人都贫困,许多人没有工作.解放后一切都改变了.在共产党的领导下,人民告别了泥泞和肮脏.他们建起了学校、剧院、商店和公寓,还有大礼堂和医院.沿河建起了办公大楼、宾馆和公园.许多工厂迅速涌现.河上汽船、小船日夜穿梭,他们将我们的工业产品运往全国各地.我热爱我的家乡,我热爱家乡的人民.他们身上也发生了变化.他们健康、幸福,正在鼓足干劲建设社会主义.篇17:六年级英语作文介绍我的笔友This is my pen pal,her name is Lingling,she is from China.She is a quite girl.She can play the piano and draw pictures .She likes singing and dancing.She often does her homework on Saturdays.There are three prople in her family,her mother ,her father and she.we are good friends.篇18:六年级英语作文介绍我的笔友I have a pen pal.His name is Tom.He is from England.He is 12.His birthday is on May 15th.He likes playing basketball.He like YaoMing best.He thinks YaoMing is exellent.He is good at math.His favorite color is green.His favorite food is broccoli.So he is very healthy.I like him.We are best friends!篇19:六年级英语作文介绍我的笔友Since last summer, I have written to my pen pal, Seda, who lives in Turkey. I became acquainted with her when I went to England for a study tour.We stayed with the same family, and she was my roommate and classmate as well. Sometimes we went to the movies together after dinner. Seda is very easy to get along with. I will always remember the two weeks I spent with her. We didn’t forget each other and kept writing to each other after we returned home. Although I haven’t seen her again since I left England, I still know how she is through letters, cards and photographs. Seda tells me her secrets and also shares her happiness and sadness with me . Both of us hope that we will meet each other somewhere one day.篇20:六年级英语作文介绍我的笔友I have a pen friend, Li Xiang. Li Xiang is twelve years old and he comes from Beijing. We like the same magazine and get the information from it. He likes playing football as I do. We share our experience about playing football. For example, I was punished by mother because I was late for home after class. He once got No.1 of a football match in his city. Besides, we talk much about football clubs and stars. Sometimes, we discuss a passage in that magazine we both like. It’s really funny.篇21:六年级英语作文介绍山西50词六年级英语作文介绍山西50词Shanxi is a province of the People's Republic of China located in the northern part of the country. It borders Hebei to the east, Henan to the south, Shaanxi to the west, and Inner Mongolia to the north. The provincial capital city is Taiyuan. Shanxi is endowed with an abundance of cultural sites from its long history. Most of the ancient structures were built before the Liao and Song Dynasties. So it is the reason why Shanxi is often called the 'Chinese Ancient Architecture Museum'. The more obvious of these include: the Buddhist wonder of the Yungang Grottoes in Datong City, the Ancient City of Pingyao which was listed as a World Cultural Heritage site by UNESCO in , the oldest and tallest ancient wooden pagoda in China, the Wooden Pagoda of Yingxian County and the remote Shuanglin Temple and Jinci Temple, which are well worth the long journeys for the visitors.推荐其他英语作文:英语作文:EarthquakeDream and Reality关于蚯蚓的英语作文篇22:介绍自己爱好的英语作文六年级I love painting, I love painting a variety of things, such as painting giraffe (giraffe painted very cute), such as the love of princess (because the princess is very beautiful and beautiful painting).I love to do handmade, love to make a variety of things with magic corn.I love watching TV cartoons, love to see ”Kung Fu Panda“, ”flying brother and small Buddha“, many of them suddenly can not finish.I love to laugh at jokes.I have a lot of interest, my father said that like what can be a happy man like.我爱画画,我爱画各种各样的东西,比如说画长颈鹿(长颈鹿画出来很可爱),比如说爱画公主(因为公主很漂亮很好画)。我爱做手工,最爱用魔法玉米做出各种各样的东西。我爱看电视动画片,爱看《功夫熊猫》,《飞哥与小佛》,很多很多一下子说不完。我爱听笑话讲笑话。我有很多兴趣,爸爸说喜欢什么都可以,做人开心就好。篇23:介绍自己爱好的英语作文六年级Interest, I and others are not the same place, for example, some people like to paint; some people like to dance; some people like to swim ... ...I like the riddles, this game is very interesting, need a different way of thinking to solve. Although many people like to play, but can not guess it. I can answer some of the questions, because I break the reality, the use of fantasy to answer.”Why is the earth turned to spit it?“ This problem may be a lot of people can not answer, close to life think about it, you turn to see, has been turned to a little dizzy. The correct answer is the earth turn it!Once again, the same table said to me: ”give you a question, the orangutan most hate what line? To put the reason to say.“ ”This is not simple? Parallel line chant!“ ”Why?“ At the same table immediately asked Road, I replied unhurried: ”parallel lines without bananas (intersect) ah!“ ”Powerful!“ At the same table cast a admiration of the eyes. Hee hee! I can not help but laugh in my heart twice.I also like reading books, bookcase full of all kinds of books; newspapers, fairy tale, science, science fiction, adventure, philosophy ... everything, I often see sleepless nights.One day, to eat, I was still reading. My mother shouted: ”Zhang Jing, come to eat it!“ Because I see with relish, even replied: ”she is eating it!“ But, soon, ”loud voice“ father called up: Eat? Do not eat me all eat up! ”I did not expect, see too fascinating, half heard did not hear. The result was the mother pulling my ears pulled out to eat.篇24:介绍自己爱好的英语作文六年级Why do I like books? The reason is this: remember when I was 4 years old, one day, my father and mother have business, went out together, put me alone at home. At that time, I was playing with toys, playing with the play, I began to have some impatience, so I walked at home and throbbing, hoping to find a fun thing, but I find a long time , But no harvest. Gradually I was tired, sitting in bed sulking. At this point, I suddenly found a book on the bedside table, I glanced at it, it interesting cover to attract me. I opened the book to see, which are all laughing picture (later I know it is called comics), and the word is very small. I did not like to read the book because there are fewer pictures inside, the word is very much, my literacy is small, plus those words dense, I do not want to see it. Over time, I gradually fell in love with the book, a new book to my hands, I will love the book will not put it down, but I began to see it, I will be sleepless nights to see a few hours, Because of this, my mother ordered me two children's magazine, but also for me in the book building “reader club” for the VIP card, so that every time I have a holiday, will go to the book building to see enough, Come back to borrow a few books, it is more comfortable. “I am lying on the book, like a hungry person lying on the bread.” This is the Golgi grandfather's famous words, but also my motto. Reading the help of me is too great, so I more and more like reading, it is because of this, my writing level is getting higher and higher; precisely because of this, my knowledge more and more widely; precisely because of this, My reading comprehension is getting stronger. As the saying goes: “Fu poetry and calligraphy from China.” Read more books can let us can say, let us gentle. The benefits of reading is too much, the students, let us start from today, from now on, let us start reading it!篇25:介绍_小学生六年级作文一双灵巧的手,一个灵活的大脑,一双水灵灵的大眼睛,构成了一个速度灵敏的人。这个人就是新世纪学校六年级三班的吴源鑫,现任六年级三班的班长。我的性格十分开朗,属于十分阳光的类型。回首四年学习生涯,我刻苦努力,成绩优秀,名列前茅。在班上我一直担任班长和数学课代表,我对工作认真负责,热情执著,有着强烈的团队精神和集体荣誉感。我一直坚持参加校内的一切活动,并在一些活动中获得了奖项。比如:在学校音乐比赛中我们班荣获了二等奖;在在学校运动会时,我跳远得了第三名,四百米跑步我得了第四名;我跳集体舞去市里比赛过,得了二等奖。当然,我所有成绩的取得是与老师、同学们的大力帮助分不开的。而且我也知道:成绩属于过去。在今后的日子里,我仍将以一名学校“三好学生”的标准严格要求自己,刻苦学习,尊敬师长、团结同学、乐于助人,用优异的学习成绩、优良的思想道德品质、健康的体魄回报给父母、回报给老师、回报给社会!我要继续为我们的学校争光,为我的父母争光。 同时像周恩来说的“为中华人民共和国之崛起而读书”,我要为我们的祖国而争光。篇26:介绍_小学生六年级作文现在介绍一下我们新推出的项目。现在我们本身就是尽管有团队,但是之前并没有多少团队协作,而新的项目希望加强团队协作,形成一个整体的合作氛围。我这个可能对解答完了,结果换了凌晨或者半夜可能。那么我们这个他的美肤的话是非常的集中的话,嗯,非常的集中,就可能更能够就是说。在短时间内咱们把问题给解答了。第五点就是说更高效,因为这块的话咱们是在咱们集团里面实时在线的,老师这边有可能遇到了一些不能够自己解决的问题。可以在咱们集团里面可以说嗯,那一个奖励预期的话这块总不定时会开展一些项目的活动。我们的活动奖励是非常丰厚的。刚才也说过了就说,就说我们这个项目在之前有做过一期呃一段话其实每个间短暂的预热,所以在计算中也有们应该也都清楚,嗯,咱们二化项目的话,其实每个月至少会就说有一,当然这块如果老师们到时候后期表现的好的话,我们也会帮老师们多申请申请公司的这种活动。再说出一些这块的话,刚才也提到提到了我昨天在项目中的一个书。绝对可以。现在,如果说每一天的话你能够接近五个问题的话,那其实这一块的话就是说,所以说这个活动奖励的话也是非常的丰富。在咱们项目中,会限制7天的周期,也就是一个咨询的任务量不能超过7天,就是也可以就多参与多打咱们项目的问题的话,那这块收入的话肯定是增长是非常非常快的。项目的背景我们就介绍到这里啦,然后随后我们看一下我们这个北项目,就是说也不这个项目是给合作方一起合作的,那么这个项目对,我对于就是说你们还有其他方面有哪些要求呢?说一下我们这个项目第一点的话就是咨询认真专业且回复速度快。★ 澳大利亚的风俗和传统介绍★ 澳大利亚留学监护人陪读签证介绍★ 澳大利亚导游词范文★ 介绍五一劳动节英语作文★ 介绍袁隆平英语作文★ 英语作文介绍校园环境★ 英语介绍朋友作文★ 介绍七夕英语作文★ 英语作文怎么介绍人物★ 澳大利亚之旅作文800字}

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