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This article is about the Greenwich Village neighborhood in Manhattan, New York City.
For other localities with the name "Greenwich", see .
"Greenwich Village, New York" redirects here. For the village in upstate New York, see .
Greenwich Village, often referred to by locals as simply "the Village", is a neighborhood on the west side of , . Greenwich Village has been known as an artists' haven, the
capital, the cradle of the modern , and the East Coast birthplace of both the
movements. Groenwijck, one of the
names for the village (meaning "Green District"), was
to Greenwich.
(NYU) is located in Greenwich Village.
Greenwich Village has undergone extensive
a the four
that constitute the Village – 1, 10013, and 10014 – were all ranked among the ten most expensive in the United States by median housing price in 2014, according to .
in Greenwich Village
The neighborhood is bordered by
to the east, the
(part of the ) to the west,
to the south, and
to the north, and roughly centered on
and . The neighborhoods surrounding it are the
to the east,
to the south, and
to the north. The East Village was formerly considered part of the
and never associated with Greenwich Village. The western part of Greenwich V the dividing line is debated – narrowly speaking it is the area west of 7th Avenue, which is heavily residential, but broadly speaking it is the area west of 6th Avenue – the grid changes at 6th Avenue, commonly assumed to be the dividing line. The Far West Village is a sub-neighborhood from the Hudson River to Hudson Street. The neighborhood is located in , New York's 25th State Senate district, New York's 66th State Assembly district, and New York City Council's 3rd district.
Into the early 20th century, Greenwich Village was distinguished from the upper-class neighborhood of Washington Square – based on the major landmark
or Empire Ward in the 19th century.
's 1956 article on "New York (City)" (subheading "Greenwich Village") states that the southern border of the Village is , reflecting an earlier understanding (today, Spring Street might be considered the southern boundary of the neighborhood sometimes called the , though some cite
as the furthest extent of the South Village). The newer district of SoHo has since encroached on the Village's historic border.
The intersection of West 4th and West 12th Streets
As Greenwich Village was once a rural , to the north of the 17th century European settlement on , its street layout is more organic than the planned grid pattern of the 19th-century
(based on the ). Greenwich Village was allowed to keep the 18th century street pattern of what is now called the : areas west of the 18th century Greenwich Lane (now Greenwich Avenue) and the early 20th century Sixth Avenue, which were already built up when the plan was implemented, resulting in a neighborhood whose streets are dramatically different, in layout, from the ordered structure of newer parts of town. Many of the neighborhood's streets are narrow and some curve at odd angles. This is generally regarded as adding to both the historic character and charm of the neighborhood.
Unlike streets of most of Manhattan above Houston Street, streets in the Village typically are named rather than numbered. While some of the formerly named streets (including Factory, Herring and Amity Streets) are now numbered, they still do not always conform to the usual grid pattern when they enter the neighborhood. For example,
runs east-west across most of Manhattan, but runs north-south in Greenwich Village, causing it to intersect with West 10th, 11th, and 12th Streets before ending at West 13th Street.
A large section of Greenwich Village, made up of more than 50 northern and western blocks in the area up to 14th Street, is part of a Historic District established by the . The District's convoluted borders run no farther south than 4th Street or St. Luke's Place, and no farther east than Washington Square East or University Place. Redevelopment in that area is severely restricted, and developers must preserve the main facade and aesthetics of the buildings even during renovation.
Most of the buildings of Greenwich Village are mid-rise apartments, 19th-century row houses, and the occasional one-family walk-up, a sharp contrast to the high-rise landscape in
Map of old Greenwich Village. A section of 's map of New York and its suburbs, made circa 1766 for , Royal Governor of New York, when Greenwich was more than two miles (3 km) from the city.
In the 16th century, Native Americans referred to its farthest northwest corner, by the cove on the Hudson River at present-day Gansevoort Street, as Sapokanikan ("tobacco field"). The land was cleared and turned into pasture by Dutch and
settlers in the 1630s, who named their settlement Noortwyck. In the 1630s, Governor
farmed tobacco on 200 acres (0.81 km2) here at his "Farm in the Woods". The English conquered the Dutch settlement of
in 1664, and Greenwich Village developed as a hamlet separate from the larger New York City to the south on land that would eventually become Lower Manhattan.
The earliest known reference to the village's name as "Greenwich" dates back to 1696, in the will of Yellis Mandeville of G however, the village was not mentioned in the city records until 1713.
began accumulating land in 1731 and built a frame house capacious enough to hold a sitting of the Assembly when smallpox rendered the city dangerous in 1739. His house, which survived until the Civil War era, overlook its site on the block bounded by Perry and Charles Streets, Bleecker and West 4th Streets, can still be recognized by its mid-19th century rowhouses inserted into a neighborhood still retaining many houses of the 1830–37 boom.
From 1797 until 1829, the bucolic village of Greenwich was the location of New York State's first , Newgate Prison, on the Hudson River at what is now , near the
pier. The building was designed by , who would later co-design . Although the intention of its first warden,
prison reformer , was to provide a rational and humanitarian place for retribution and rehabilitation, the prison soon became an overcrowded and pestilent place, subject to frequent riots by the prisoners which damaged the buildings and killed some inmates. By 1821, the prison, which was designed for 432 inmates, held 817 instead, a number made possible only by the frequent release of prisoners, sometimes as many as 50 a day. Since the prison was north of New York City, being sentenced to Newgate became known as being "sent up the river", an expression which carried over when it was replaced by the new
The oldest house remaining in Greenwich Village is the Isaacs-Hendricks House, at 77 Bedford Street (built 1799, much altered and enlarged 1836, third story 1928). When the
was founded in 1820 it stood in fields south of the road (now Christopher Street) that led from Greenwich Lane (now ) down to a landing on the North River. In 1822, a
epidemic in New York encouraged residents to flee to the healthier air of Greenwich Village, and afterwards many stayed. The future site of
from 1797 to 1823 when 10 to 20,000 of New York's poor were buried here, and still remain. The handsome Greek revival rowhouses on the north side of Washington Square were built about 1832, establishing the fashion of Washington Square and lower Fifth Avenue for decades to come. Well into the 19th century, the district of Washington Square was considered separate from Greenwich Village.
Reputation as urban bohemia[]
Greenwich Village is generally known as an important landmark on the map of American
culture. The neighborhood is known for its colorful, artistic residents and the alternative culture they propagate. Due in part to the progressive attitudes of many of its residents, the Village has traditionally been a focal point of new movements and ideas, whether political, artistic, or cultural. This tradition as an enclave of
was established during the 19th century and into the 20th century, when small presses, art galleries, and experimental theater thrived.
was situated at 51 West 10th Street between Fifth and Sixth Avenues, the building was commissioned by James Boorman Johnston and designed by . Its innovative design soon represented a national architectural prototype, and featured a domed central gallery, from which interconnected rooms radiated. Hunt's studio within the building housed the first architectural school in the United States. Soon after its completion in 1857, the building helped to make Greenwich Village central to the arts in New York City, drawing artists from all over the country to work, exhibit, and sell their art. In its initial years
took a studio there, as did , and many of the artists of the , including
, at 8–12 , and currently the home of the .
From the late 19th century through the 21st century, the Hotel Albert has served as a cultural icon of Greenwich Village. Opened during the 1880s and originally located at 11th Street and University Place, called the Hotel St. Stephan and then after 1902, called the Hotel Albert while under the ownership of William Ryder it served as a meeting place, restaurant and dwelling for several important artists and writers from the late 19th century well into the 20th century. After 1902, the owner's brother
lived and painted there. Some of the other famous guests who lived there include: , , , , , , , , , , , , , and many others. During the golden age of , Greenwich Village became famous for such eccentrics as
(profiled at length by ) and , dancer , writer , and playwright . Political rebellion also made its home here, whether serious () or frivolous ( and friends set off balloons from atop , proclaiming the founding of "The Independent Republic of Greenwich Village").
Cherry Lane Theatre is also located in Greenwich Village.
The annual
is the world's largest
In 1924, the
was established. Located at 38 Commerce Street it is New York City's oldest continuously running
theater. A landmark in Greenwich Village’s cultural landscape, it was built as a farm silo in 1817, and also served as a tobacco warehouse and box factory before
and other members of the
converted the structure into a theatre they christened the Cherry Lane Playhouse, which opened on March 24, 1924, with the play The Man Who Ate the Popomack. During the 1940s , , and the Downtown Theater movement all took root there, and it developed a reputation as a place where aspiring
and emerging voices could showcase their work. In one of the many
properties
and her husband owned, Gertrude Whitney established the Whitney Studio Club at 8 West 8th Street as a facility where young artists could exhibit their works in 1914. By the 1930s the place would evolve to become her greatest legacy, the , on the site of today's . The Whitney was founded in 1931, as an answer to the then newly founded (1928) 's collection of mostly European
and its neglect of . Gertrude Whitney decided to put the time and money into the museum after the New York
turned down her offer to contribute her twenty-five-year collection of
works. In 1936, the renowned
artist and teacher
from E. 57th Street to 52 West 9th Street. In 1938, Hofmann moved again to a more permanent home at 52 West 8th Street. The school remained active until 1958 when Hofmann retired from teaching.
The Village hosted the first racially integrated night club in the United States, when the
was opened in 1938 at 1 Sheridan Square by Barney Josephson. Café Society showcased
talent and was intended to be an American version of the political
Josephson had seen in Europe before . Notable performers there included among others: , , , , , , , , , , , , ,
and , , , , , , , , , and , who also in Christmas 1949, played at the .
The annual , initiated in 1974 by Greenwich Village
and mask maker Ralph Lee, is the world's largest
parade and America's only major nighttime parade, attracting more than 60,000
participants, 2 million in-person spectators, and a worldwide television audience of over 100 million.
at 53 , a designated
as the site of the 1969 , which led to the modern
The Village again became important to the bohemian scene during the 1950s, when the
focused their energies there. Fleeing from what they saw as oppressive social conformity, a loose collection of writers, poets, artists, and students (later known as the ) and the , moved to Greenwich Village, and to
in , in many ways creating the east coast-west coast predecessor to the -
of the next decade. The Village (and surrounding New York City) would later play central roles in the writings of, among others, , , , , , , , , and , who collapsed at the
and died at
at 170 West 12th Street, in the Village after drinking at the
on November 5, 1953.
began in Greenwich Village in 1958 as a reaction to , and a "complete rejection of commercial theatre". Among the first venues for what would soon be called "Off-Off-Broadway" (a term supposedly coined by
Jerry Tallmer of the ) were coffeehouses in Greenwich Village, in particular, the
at 31 Cornelia Street, operated by the eccentric , who early on took a liking to actors and playwrights and agreed to let them stage plays there without bothering to read the plays first, or to even find out much about the content. Also integral to the rise of Off-Off-Broadway were
at , originally located at 321 E. 9th Street and
at the Judson Poets' Theater, located at
on the south side of .
The Village had a cutting-edge cabaret and music scene. , the , and
(since 1981), hosted some of the biggest names in
on a regular basis. Greenwich Village also played a major role in the development of the
of the 1960s. Music clubs included , , , ,
and the . Three of the four members of
met there. Guitarist and folk singer
lived there for many years. Village resident and cultural icon
by the mid-60s became one of the foremost popular songwriters in the world, and often developments in Greenwich Village would influence the simultaneously occurring
movement in
and elsewhere, and vice versa. Dozens of other cultural and popular icons got their start in the Village's nightclub, theater, and coffeehouse scene during the 1950s, 1960s, and early 1970s. Notably, besides , there were , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , and , among others. The Greenwich Village of the 1950s and 1960s was at the center of 's book , which defended it and similar communities, while criticizing common
policies of the time.
Founded by New York-based artist
and her students, the
is an art school formed in the mid-1960s in the Village. The school officially opened September 23, 1964, it is still currently active and it is housed at 8 W. 8th Street, the site of the original .
Greenwich Village was also home to one of the many safe houses used by the radical
known as the . On March 6, 1970, however, their safehouse was destroyed when an explosive they were constructing was accidentally detonated, killing three Weathermen (, , and ).
The Village has maintained its role as a center for movements that have challenged the wider American culture, for example, its role in the
movement. The
were a series of spontaneous, violent demonstrations by members of the
that took place in the early morning hours of June 28, 1969, at the , 53 . They are widely considered to constitute the single most important event leading to the
movement and the modern fight for . Greenwich Village also contains the world's oldest gay and lesbian bookstore, , founded in 1967, while The Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual & Transgender Community Center – best known as simply "The Center" – has occupied the former Food & Maritime Trades High School at 208 West 13th Street since 1984. In 2006, the Village was the scene of
that sparked appreciable media attention, with strong statements both defending and attacking the parties.
Preservation[]
The , an unofficial icon of Greenwich Village as well as of NYU, which have been embroiled in a conflict over campus expansion versus preservation of the
character of the Village.
Since the early 2000s, many artists and local historians mourn the fact that the
days of Greenwich Village are long gone, because of the extraordinarily high housing costs in the neighborhood. The artists fled first to , then to , and finally to
as well as other neighborhoods in New York City. Nevertheless, residents of Greenwich Village still possess a strong community identity and are proud of their neighborhood's unique history and fame, and its well-known liberal live-and-let-live attitudes.
Historically, local residents and preservation groups have been concerned about development in the Village and have fought to preserve the architectural and historic integrity of the neighborhood. In the 1960s,
led a group of citizens to preserve the
(later reused as Jefferson Market Library) while other citizen groups fought to keep traffic out of
and , using the Village as an example of a vibrant urban community, advocated to keep it that way.
Since then, preservation has been a part of the Village ethos. Shortly after the
(LPC) was established in 1965, the LPC acted to protect parts of Greenwich Village, designating the small
in 1966, which contains the city's largest concentration of row houses in the Federal style, as well as a significant concentration of Greek Revival houses, and the even smaller
in 1967, a group of 22 houses sharing a common back garden, built in the Greek Revival style and later renovated with Colonial Revival facades. In 1969, the LPC designated the Greenwich Village Historic District — for four decades, the city’s largest — despite preservationists’ advocacy for the entire neighborhood to be designated an historic district. Advocates continued to pursue their goal of additional designation, spurred in particular by the increased pace of development in the 1990s.
, once a courthouse, now serves as a branch of the .
(GVSHP), a nonprofit organization dedicated to the architectural and cultural character and heritage of the neighborhood, successfully proposed new districts and individual landmarks to the LPC. Those include:
Gansevoort Market Historic District was the first new historic district in Greenwich Village in 34 years. The 112 buildings on 11 blocks protect the city’s distinctive
with its cobblestone streets, warehouses and rowhouses. About 70 percent of the area proposed by GVSHP in 2000 was designated a historic district by the LPC in 2003, while the entire area was listed on the State and National Registers of Historic Places in 2007.
, designated in 2006, is a 14-building, three-block district near the Hudson River centering around tiny Weehawken Street and containing an array of architecture including a sailor’s hotel, former stables, and a wooden house.
Greenwich Village Historic District Extension I, designated in 2006, brought 46 more buildings on three blocks into the district, thus protecting warehouses, a former public school and police station, and early 19th century rowhouses. Both the Weehawken Street Historic District and the Greenwich Village Historic District Extension I were designated by the LPC in response to the larger proposal for a Far West Village Historic District submitted by GVSHP in 2004.
Greenwich Village Historic District Extension II, designated in 2010, embracing 225 buildings on 12 blocks, contains 19th century houses, 19th and 20th century tenements, and a variety of cultural landmarks.
, designated in 2013, covers 235 buildings on 13 blocks, representing the largest single expansion of landmark protections in Greenwich Village since 1969. It includes well preserved and renovated 19th century houses, colorful tenements, and a variety of sites important to the area’s rich immigrant, artistic, and Italian-American history, as well as several low-rise, historically significant New York University buildings on Washington Square South.
The Landmarks Preservation Commission also designated as landmarks several individual sites proposed by the Greenwich Village Society for Historic Preservation, including the former Bell Telephone Labs Complex (), now , designated in 2011; the
(1967), designed by I.M. Pei and including the Picasso sculpture “Portrait of Sylvette,” designated in 2008; and three early 19th-century federal houses at 127, 129 and 131 MacDougal Street.
In addition, several contextual rezonings were enacted in Greenwich Village in recent years to limit the size and height of allowable new development in the neighborhood, and to encourage the preservation of existing buildings. The following were proposed by the GVSHP and passed by the :
Far West Village Rezoning, approved in 2005, was the first downzoning in Manhattan in many years, putting in place new height caps, thus ending construction of high-rise waterfront towers in much of the Village and encouraging the reuse of existing buildings.
Washington and Greenwich Street Rezoning, approved in 2010, was passed in near-record time to protect six blocks from out-of-scale hotel development and maintain the low-rise character.
New York University and Greenwich Village preservationists have been embroiled in a conflict over campus expansion versus preservation of the scale and Bohemian character of the Village.
As one press critic put it in 2013, “For decades, New York University has waged architectural war on Greenwich Village.” Recent examples of the university clashing with the community, often led by the Greenwich Village Society for Historic Preservation, include the destruction of the 85 West Third Street house where Edgar Allan Poe lived from 1844-5, which NYU promised to rebuild using original materials, but then claimed not to have en the construction of the 26-story Founders Hall dorm behind the fa?ade of demolished St. Ann’s Church at 120 East Twelfth Street, which advocates protested as being out of scale for the low-rise area, and received assurances from NYU, which then built all 26 and the demolition in 2009 of the Provincetown Playhouse and Apartments, over protests.
In 2008, as part of a multi-stakeholder Community Task Force on NYU Development, the university agreed to a set of “Planning Principles.” Yet advocates did not find NYU to follow the principles in practice, culminating in a successful lawsuit against the university’s “NYU 2031” plan for expansion.
Greenwich Village is served by the
 trains, the
 trains, the  train, and the
  the , , , and
stations are in the neighborhood. Local
routes are the , , , , and
buses. On the , the , , and
stations are in Greenwich Village.
Greenwich Village includes several collegiate institutions. Since the 1830s,
(NYU) has had a campus there. In 1973 NYU moved its campus in the
section of the
to Greenwich Village. In 1976
established the
in the northern part of Greenwich Village. In the 1980s
was built in Greenwich Village. , with its , a division of , and the School's Graduate School expanded in the 2000s, with the newly renovated, award winning design of the Sheila C. Johnson Design Center at 66 Fifth Avenue on 13th Street. The
is also located in Greenwich Village, at , near
on the border of the .
established its latest Manhattan campus in an
designed a loft building on 14th Street, just east of Seventh Avenue. The university campus building expansion was followed by a
process in the 1980s.
The historic
is the center and heart of the neighborhood. The Village has several other, smaller parks: Father Fagan, Minetta Triangle, Petrosino Square, Little Red Square, and Time Landscape. There are also city playgrounds, including , Minetta, , Bleecker Street, Downing Street, Mercer Street, Cpl. John A. Seravelli, and William Passannante Ballfield. Perhaps the most famous, though, is "The Cage", officially known as the . Sitting on top of the
subway station (
trains) at Sixth Avenue, the courts are easily accessible to
players from all over New York. The Cage has become one of the most important tournament sites for the city-wide "" amateur basketball tournament. Since 1975, New York University's art collection has been housed at the
bordering Washington Square Park, at 100 Washington Square East. The Grey Art Gallery is notable for its museum quality exhibitions of contemporary art.
The Village also has a bustling performing arts scene. It is still home to for instance,
has taken up residence in the Astor Place Theater.
(until 1992), the
are still presenting some of the biggest names in
on a regular basis. Other music clubs include , and . The village also has its own orchestra aptly named the . Comedy clubs dot the Village as well, including The Boston and , where many American
comedians got their start.
Several publications have offices in the Village, most notably the citywide newsweekly , and the monthly magazines
and . The , having relocated its national headquarters from a mansion in
to a restored and very , former industrial building in , relocated to smaller but even greener
certified digs at 225 Varick Street, a short way down Houston Street from the .
Greenwich Village residents are zoned to two elementary schools: PS 3, Melser Charrette School, and , Greenwich Village School. Residents are zoned to Baruch Middle School 104. Residents apply to various New York City high schools.
was a private high school formerly located in the area, but later moved to .
Greenwich Village is home to , which owns large sections of the area and most of the buildings around Washington Square Park. To the north is the campus of , which is housed in several buildings that are considered historical landmarks because of their innovative architecture. New School's Sheila Johnson Design Center also doubles as a public art gallery. , one of the most selective engineering, art, and architecture schools in the U.S., is located in the , and has been located there since it was established in 1859.
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Main category:
Greenwich Village has long been a popular neighborhood for numerous artists and other notable people. It is home to celebrities, including:
, the editor-in-chief of
, a feature writer for
Actresses/actors:
, lives on West 9th Street
, grew up and still lives in the neighborhood
, lives with husband Matthew Broderick
lives on West 9th Street
, American designer
Alt-country/folk musician , moved to the neighborhood in 2005 has an album, , primarily about his experiences in the Village.
lived in the "Village" in New York City (never called by its full name, but clearly depicted as Greenwich Village) during the late 1960s and early 1970s, when she had lost most of her superpowers.
lived on , described alternately as being in "Greenwich Village" and the "East Village."
In the , Master of the Mystic Arts and , , lives in a brownstone mansion in Greenwich Village. Doctor Strange's
is located at 177A .
character lives in a Greenwich Village apartment.
(1953), the Sherwood sisters leave 1935 , for Greenwich Village to pursue their dreams of becoming a writer (Ruth) and an actress (Eileen). Their apartment said to be on , though the actual apartment of author
and her sister
was at 14 .
(1957), Jo Stockton () works at a bookstore called Embryo Concepts in the Village, where she is discovered by Dick Avery ().
(1967), Susy Hendrix () lives at 4 St. Luke's Place.[]
(1976) chronicles the story of a young Jewish boy in 1953 who moves to the Village, looking to break into acting.
(1984) centers on a
() in the Italian section of the Village.
(2000), an independent film by , which features Pacino and , is set in Greenwich Village in 1982.
(2002) is a documentary set in Greenwich village. It is about the neighborhood block association on Bedford street setting up a trust fund for a mentally disabled man named Larry Selman.[]
90 Bedford Street, used for exterior shot in
character lives in .
Greenwich Village is the setting for the restaurant 22 Bleecker in the ,
(2012) the characters played by
live in a New York City apartment located in the West Village.
The Coen brothers'
(2013) depicts the Village in the early 1960s, focusing on the emerging folk scene.
Greenwich Village is a playable multiplayer map in the
(2003) video game.
Literature
In her non-fiction,
frequently cites Greenwich Village as an example of a vibrant urban community.
's short story, "The Last Leaf", is set in Greenwich Village.
The anti-hero of the book
by author , and the , Howard W. Campbell Jr. resides in Greenwich Village after WWII and prior to his arrest by the Israelis.
In Lesley M.M. Blume's children's novel, , the main characters reside in Greenwich Village.
The suggestion of moving to the Village shocks newlywed New York aristocrat Jamie "Rick" Ricklehouse in 's 1985 novel Tender Offer. The implication is telling of the Village's reputation in the New York of the 1960s before mass gentrification when it was perceived as lowly and beneath upper class society.
The cover photo for
(1963) of Dylan and his then-girlfriend
was taken on Jones Street near West
in Greenwich Village, near their apartment.
In an interview with ,
said: "I should have been born in New York, I should have been born in the Village, that's where I belong.".
and his wife
lived in Apartment 4H of the Brevoort Apartments located at 11 Fifth Avenue in Greenwich Village. Here he recorded the series of acoustic songs, including "" and "What to Do," known as the "Apartment Tapes," which were released after his death.
Television
(1975–82) was set at the fictional 12th precinct
station in Greenwich Village.
() is set in the Village. Central Perk was apparently on Mercer or Houston Street, down and
lived at 5 Morton Street. The building in the exterior shot of , , , and 's apartment building is at the corner of Grove and Bedford Streets in the . One of the show's working titles was Once Upon a Time in the West Village.
The Village features prominently throughout the six seasons of . For example, in Season 1,
is having an affair with an artist, named , who lives in the Village. In Season 4, Don moves to an apartment on
(specified, for example, in ""). And in Season 6,
goes to Greenwich Village looking for a friend of the family, in "", and
and her girlfriend Kate go on a night on the town that culminates at the , in "".
(), exterior shots of 's apartment building are of 66 Perry Street, even though her address is given as on the .[]
The NBC Sitcom
(1984–92) made several references to the Village during its run, and the townhouse used for exterior shots, though purportedly set in Brooklyn for purposes of the show, is actually located at 10 St. Luke's Place.[]
, the 2001 season of the
series , was filmed in the Village.
(1948–50), the first
show on network television () originated from a nightclub of the same name in the basement of .
Greenwich Village is the setting for Disney's .
During the period of Dutch control over the area, the Village was called Noortwyck ("Northern District", because of its location north of ). (The Dutch colony was .) Dutch colonist Yellis Mandeville, who moved to the Village in the 1670s, called it Groenwijck after the settlement on , where he previously lived.
James Boorman Johnston () was a son of the prominent Scottish-born New York merchant John Johnston, in partnership with James Boorman () as Boorman & Johnston, developers of , a group portrait of the , is at the .
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[http://seven//gossip/pagesix/secure_location_pagesix_.htm "Secure Location"]. New York Post. September 11, 2006.[]
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|title=NY Daily Quote: Where I Should Have Been Born
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was said to be "up the block" from Central Perk in "The One Where Ross Hugs Rachel", the sixth season's second episode, placing the coffee house on Mercer Street or Houston.
This address was given "The One With Joey's New Brain", episode 7–15.
Matt Zoller Seitz (April 22, 2013). . Vulture.
Alex Ross (April 21, 2013). . The New Yorker.
(1999). . New York: Oxford University Press.  .
Joyce Gold, From Trout Stream to Bohemia: a walking guide to Greenwich Village history, 1988.
, by , 1919, from
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